Yuuhi, each category staffer has their own individual way of processing applications, so unfortunately there is no easy answer for your questions.
What I can tell you is that
a. All category sections (Applications, F/U/C, Troubles) are required to be updated monthly. While this doesn't always happen on time, if it has been over a month since you sent your application you should check the
category status page to see if they category is backlogged, and if it is not, you can send a contact form to the staffer to check on the status.
And
b. most fanlisting removed from the network are given approximately two weeks before they are re-approved. Again, this is up to the individual category staffers but I don't think that there is anyone who doesn't wait at least two weeks... again, your best bet would be to contact the specific category applications staffers if you are curious about how long it will be before a certain fanlisting is approved.